The Challenges and Opportunities of a Once-in-a-Generation UK Gigabit Broadband Upgrade

Clive Quantrill


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There will be as much change over the next five years as the previous twenty years


Globally, and in all major economies, fibre-to-the-premise (FTTP) gigabit broadband networks are being built at pace, replacing legacy broadband and phone networks. FTTP will grow to 75% of fixed broadband globally by 2030. The UK is arguably playing catch-up with many other countries in the FTTP build stakes, but now has one of the fastest FTTP build rates of any country. High levels of investment and regulatory freedoms have launched the UK into a highly disaggregated market with intensive competition and over 100 alternative network providers (AltNets) building FTTP today, competing with incumbents such as BT Group (Openreach) and Virgin Media O2.
 
FTTP broadband offers over 20 times the speed of legacy broadband networks, enabling a broad range of applications that require the higher speeds (e.g., streaming, gaming, virtual reality, remote surgery, metaverse) and, importantly, supports running many applications over many devices simultaneously. Once built, FTTP networks are also cheaper to maintain and operate for network providers and will be an infrastructure that will endure the next 25-50 years – a generational change of technology for everyone.
 
Customers have to be migrated from legacy broadband to FTTP. This requires an engineer visit to the home to drill a hole in the wall to get the fibre into the house and installation of two new pieces of equipment in the home (an Optical Network Terminal (ONT) screwed to the wall and a broadband router to provide Wi-Fi in the home). The hope from network operators is that customers, after having gone through this process once, are unlikely to want to repeat it too quickly to change FTTP providers. 
 
There are some important data points that paint an interesting picture of the UK broadband market at this critical time:

Everyone will need to migrate off legacy broadband products

  • Legacy broadband, made up of FTTC and ADSL broadband technologies (mainly form Openreach), covers 96% of UK homes with over 85% take-up - over 80% of UK homes use broadband
  • BT is switching off its legacy networks in 2025 - everyone will need to migrate off legacy broadband products
  • The top five consumer broadband brands have over 85% market share of legacy broadband (BT/EE/Plusnet; Virgin Media O2, Sky, TalkTalk and Vodafone) – this marks a challenge for the new entrants
  • Total UK FTTP investment is likely to exceed £30bn over a 10-year period, with a further £5bn in state aid from the UK Government's ‘Project Gigabit’ - many investors are looking for a return
  • Openreach plans to build its FTTP network to pass 25 million homes by the end of 2026; Virgin Media O2 plans to build FTTP to pass 23 million homes by the end of 2028; AltNet forecasts building FTTP to pass another 20 million+ premises - with 30 million premises in the UK there is a significant overbuild risk that could undermine some investments
  • Current UK FTTP take-up is in the order of 25% compared to closer to 50% in other areas of Europe – there is a lot of headroom for the UK to accelerate take-up

Incumbent Telcos


The move to FTTP is a double-edged sword for the incumbent broadband network providers such as BT Group and Virgin Media O2. They face the unenviable task of migrating all their customers to a new set of FTTP products, in parallel with building out the new FTTP network and upgrading their portfolios of voice and communication services to be fully FTTP-compatible. This transition requires exceptionally careful optimisation of churn and margin loss during migration of pushing customers too fast vs. the risk of losing market share to new network providers if they go too slowly.

 

However, the incumbents can look positively on their scale, brand strength, and channel reach advantages. Incumbents also have the not insignificant prize of being able to drive significant cost and complexity out of their businesses from switching off legacy networks and focus on running FTTP networks alone. A particular risk for incumbents is their enterprise and public sector customers, who often face a highly complex migration impacting their networks, IT systems, applications, and associated equipment. A note of caution is also warranted from other, comparable countries; in Germany, legacy network closure dates had to be extended to allow customers, especially those in the enterprise and public sector, more time to migrate successfully, for which someone has to foot the bill. 


Challengers: Alternative Network Providers (AltNets)


Responding to the opportunity created by the enabling regulation and supressed market demand, AltNets attracted over £10bn in private investment over the last five years, focused on building regional FTTP networks to lay a claim to geographic areas. The AltNets are now moving to drive FTTP customer take-up to monetise their investments and deter overbuild from competing network providers.
 
AltNets face some fundamental challenges to break into a market dominated by five established brands, which is pointing any of them to increasingly adopt wholesale models to maximise their channels to market. There is a likelihood that enabling ‘Open Access’ strategies, where AltNets can connect once into a community to sell to multiple retail brands and vice versa, i.e., retail brands can connect once into a community to buy form multiple AltNets, will be necessary to enable AltNets to achieve their take-up ambitions.
 
There is a lot of industry talk about a likely consolidation in areas such as the fragmented market, seeking synergies and economies of scale, and there are some early signs of acquisitions happening. The battle ground may well end up being the value of AltNets networks; coverage is interesting, but the number of paying customers is most important. 


What Cambridge MC can do to help


At Cambridge MC we are blessed with consultants with tens of years of experience, gained from senior roles in Tier 1 Telcos, AltNets and Enterprises, and all with a global perspective. With a wealth of expertise and experience, we are best placed to advise on strategies from planning to roll-out, and from every commercial and technological angle.

 

With a reputation for excellence and knowhow in the telecommunications industry, Cambridge MC will continue to track this generational change in operational and commercial models as they emerge globally. We pride ourselves on being ahead of the curve, and our consultants sit on many panels and boards that advise on current activities and future trends, able to advise your organisation on adoption strategies - for more information contact us using the form below.


Contact - Africa

About Us


Cambridge Management Consulting (Cambridge MC) is an international consulting firm that helps companies of all sizes have a better impact on the world. Founded in Cambridge, UK, initially to help the start-up community, Cambridge MC has grown to over 200 consultants working on projects in 24 countries. Our capabilities focus on supporting the private and public sector with their people, process and digital technology challenges.


What makes Cambridge Management Consulting unique is that it doesn’t employ consultants – only senior executives with real industry or government experience and the skills to advise their clients from a place of true credibility. Our team strives to have a highly positive impact on all the organisations they serve. We are confident there is no business or enterprise that we cannot help transform for the better.


Cambridge Management Consulting has offices or legal entities in Cambridge, London, New York, Paris, Dubai, Singapore and Helsinki, with further expansion planned in future. 


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by Darren Sheppard 4 December 2025
What is the Contract Lifecycle Management and Why does it Matter? The future success of your business depends on realising the value that’s captured in its contracts. From vendor agreements to employee documents, everywhere you look are commitments that need to be met for your business to succeed. The type of contract and the nature of goods or services it covers will determine what sort of management activities might be needed at each stage. How your company is organised will also determine which departments or individuals are responsible for what activities at each stage. Contract Lifecycle Management, from a buyer's perspective, is the process of defining and designing the actual activities needed in each stage for any specific contract, allocating ownership of the activities to individuals or groups, and monitoring the performance of those activities as the contract progresses through its lifecycle. The ultimate aim is to minimise surprises, ensure the contracted goods or services are delivered by the vendor in accordance with the contract, and realise the expected business benefits and value for money. The Problem of Redundant Spend in Contracts Despite the built-in imbalance of information favoring suppliers, companies still choose to oversee these vendors internally. However, many adopt a reactive, unstructured approach to supplier management and struggle to bridge the gap between contractual expectations and actual performance. Currently, where governance exists, it is often understaffed, with weak, missing, or poorly enforced processes. The focus is primarily on manual data collection, validation, and basic retrospective reporting of supplier performance, rather than on proactively managing risk, relationships, and overall performance. The amount of redundant spend in contracts can vary widely depending on the industry, the complexity of the contracts, and how rigorously they are managed. For further information on this, Cambridge MC’s case studies provide insights into typical ranges and common sources of redundant spend. As a general estimate, industry analysts often state that redundant spend can account for as much as 20% of total contract value. In some cases, especially in poorly managed contracts, this can be much higher. What is AI-driven Contract Management? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining contract management, transforming a historically time-consuming and manual process into a streamlined, efficient, and intelligent operation. Traditionally, managing contracts required legal teams to navigate through extensive paperwork, drafting, reviewing, and monitoring agreements — a process prone to inefficiencies and human error. With the emergence of artificial intelligence, particularly generative AI and natural language processing (NLP), this area of operations is undergoing a paradigm shift. This step change is not without concerns however, as there are the inevitable risks of AI hallucinations, training data biases and the threat to jobs. AI-driven contract management solutions not only automate repetitive tasks but also uncover valuable insights locked up in contract data, improving compliance and reducing the risks that are often lost in reams paperwork and contract clauses. Put simply, AI can automate, analyse, and optimise every aspect of your contract lifecycle. From drafting and negotiation to approval, storage, and tracking, AI-powered platforms enhance precision and speed across these processes; in some cases reducing work that might take several days to minutes or hours. By discerning patterns and identifying key terms, conditions, and concepts within agreements, AI enables businesses to parse complex contracts with ease and efficiency. In theory, this empowers your legal and contract teams (rather than reducing them), allowing personnel to focus on high-level tasks such as strategy rather than minutiae. However, it is important to recognise that none of the solutions available in the marketplace today offer companies an integrated supplier management solution, combining a comprehensive software platform, capable of advanced analytics, with a managed service. Cambridge Management Consulting is one of only a few consultancies that offers fully integrated Contract Management as a Service (CMaaS). Benefits of Integrating AI into your Contract Lifecycle Management Cambridge MC’s Contract Management as a Service (CMaaS) 360-degree Visibility: Enable your business to gain 360-degree visibility into contracts and streamline the change management process. Real-time Data: Gain real-time performance data and granularly compare it against contractually obligated outcomes. More Control: Take control of your contracts and associated relationships with an integrated, centralised platform. Advanced meta data searches provide specific information on external risk elements, and qualitative and quantitative insights into performance. Reduces Costs: By automating manual processes, businesses can significantly reduce administrative costs associated with contract management. AI-based solutions eliminate inefficiencies in the contract lifecycle while minimising reliance on external legal counsel for routine tasks. Supplier Collaboration: Proactively drive supplier collaboration and take a data-driven approach towards managing relationships and governance process health. Enhanced Compliance: AI tools ensure that contracts adhere to internal policies and external regulations by flagging non-compliant clauses during the drafting or review stage. This proactive approach reduces the risk of costly disputes or penalties. Reduces Human Errors: In traditional contract management processes, human errors can lead to missed deadlines and hidden risks. AI-powered systems use natural language processing to identify inconsistencies or inaccuracies in contracts before they escalate into larger issues. Automates Repetitive Tasks: AI-powered tools automate time-consuming tasks such as drafting contracts, reviewing documents for errors, and extracting key terms. This frees up legal teams to focus on higher-value activities like strategic negotiations and risk assessment. We can accurately model and connect commercial information across end-to-end processes and execution systems. AI capabilities then derive and apply automated commercial intelligence (from thousands of commercial experts using those systems) to error-proof complex tasks such as searching for hidden contract risks, determining SLA calculations and performing invoice matching/approvals directly against best-in-class criteria. Contract management teams using AI tools reported an annual savings rate that is 37% higher than peers. Spending and tracking rebates, delivery terms and volume discounts can ensure that all of the savings negotiated in a sourcing cycle are based on our experience of managing complex contracts for a wide variety of customers. Our Contract Management as a Service, underpinned by AI software tooling, has already delivered tangible benefits and proven success. 8 Steps to Transition Your Organisation to AI Contract Management Implementing AI-driven contract management requires a thoughtful and structured approach to ensure seamless integration and long-term success. By following these key steps your organisation can avoid delays and costly setbacks. Step 1 Digitise Contracts and Centralise in the Cloud: Begin by converting all existing contracts into a digital format and storing them in a secure, centralised, cloud-based repository. This ensures contracts are accessible, organised, and easier to manage. A cloud-based system also facilitates real-time collaboration and allows AI to extract data from various file formats, such as PDFs and OCR-scanned images, with ease. Search for and retrieve contracts using a variety of advanced search features such as full text search, Boolean, regex, fuzzy, and more. Monitor upcoming renewal and expiration events with configurable alerts, notifications, and calendar entries. Streamline contract change management with robust version control and automatically refresh updated metadata and affected obligations. Step 2 Choose the Right AI-Powered Contract Management Software: Selecting the right software is a critical step in setting up your management system. Evaluate platforms based on their ability to meet your organisation’s unique contracting needs. Consider key factors such as data privacy and security, integration with existing systems, ease of implementation, and the accuracy of AI-generated outputs. A well-chosen platform will streamline workflows while ensuring compliance and scalability. Step 3 Understand How AI Analyses Contracts: To make the most of AI, it’s essential to understand how it processes contract data. AI systems use Natural Language Processing (NLP) to interpret and extract meaning from human-readable contract terms, while Machine Learning (ML) enables the system to continuously improve its accuracy through experience. These combined technologies allow AI to identify key clauses, conditions, and obligations, as well as extract critical data like dates, parties, and legal provisions. Training your team on these capabilities will help them to understand the system and diagnose inconsistencies. Step 4 Maintain Oversight and Validate AI Outputs: While AI can automate repetitive tasks and significantly reduce manual effort, human oversight is indispensable. Implement a thorough process for spot-checking AI-generated outputs to ensure accuracy, compliance, and alignment with organisational standards. Legal teams should review contracts processed by AI to verify the integrity of agreements and minimise risks. This collaborative approach between AI and human contract management expertise ensures confidence in the system. Step 5 Refine the Data Pool for Better Results: The quality of AI’s analysis depends heavily on the data it is trained on. Regularly refine and update your data pool by incorporating industry-relevant contract examples and removing errors or inconsistencies. A well-maintained data set enhances the precision of AI outputs, enabling the system to adapt to evolving business needs and legal standards. Step 6 Establish Frameworks for Ongoing AI Management: To ensure long-term success, set clear objectives and measurable goals for your AI contract management system. Define key performance indicators (KPIs) to track progress and prioritise features that align with your organisation’s specific requirements. Establish workflows and governance frameworks to guide the use of AI tools, ensuring consistency and accountability in contract management processes. Step 7 Train and Empower Your Teams: Equip your teams with the skills and knowledge they need to use AI tools effectively. Conduct hands-on training sessions to familiarise users with the platform’s features and functionalities. Create a feedback loop to gather insights from your team, allowing for continuous improvement of the system. Avoid change resistance by using change management methodologies, as this will foster trust in the technology and drive successful adoption. Step 8 Ensure Ethical and Secure Use of AI: Tools Promote transparency and integrity in the use of AI-driven contract management. Legal teams should have the ability to filter sensitive information, secure data within private cloud environments, and trace data back to its source when needed. By prioritising data security and ethical AI practices, organisations can build trust and mitigate potential risks. With the right tools, training, and oversight, AI can become a powerful ally in achieving operational excellence as well as reducing costs and risk. Overcoming the Technical & Human Challenges While the benefits are compelling, implementing AI in contract management comes with some unique challenges which need to be managed by your leadership and contract teams: Data Security Concerns: Uploading sensitive contracts to cloud-based platforms risks data breaches and phishing attacks. Integration Complexities: Incorporating AI tools into existing systems requires careful planning to avoid disruptions and downtime. Change Fatigue & Resistance: Training employees to use new technologies can be time-intensive and costly. There is a natural resistance to change, the dynamics of which are often overlooked and ignored, even though these risks are often a major cause of project failure. Reliance on Generic Models: Off-the-shelf AI models may not fully align with your needs without detailed customisation. To address these challenges, businesses should partner with experienced providers who specialise in delivering tailored AI-driven solutions for contract lifecycle management. Case Study 1: The CRM That Nobody Used A mid-sized company invests £50,000 in a cutting-edge Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system, hoping to streamline customer interactions, automate follow-ups, and boost sales performance. The leadership expects this software to increase efficiency and revenue. However, after six months: Sales teams continue using spreadsheets because they find the CRM complicated. Managers struggle to generate reports because the system wasn’t set up properly. Customer data is inconsistent, leading to missed opportunities. The Result: The software becomes an expensive shelf-ware — a wasted investment that adds no value because the employees never fully adopted it. Case Study 2: Using Contract Management Experts to Set Up, Customise and Provide Training If the previous company had invested in professional services alongside the software, the outcome would have been very different. A team of CMaaS experts would: Train employees to ensure adoption and confidence in using the system. Customise the software to fit business needs, eliminating frustrations. Provide ongoing support, so issues don’t lead to abandonment. Generate workflows and governance for upward communication and visibility of adherence. The Result: A fully customised CRM that significantly improves the Contract Management lifecycle, leading to: more efficient workflows, more time for the contract team to spend on higher value work, automated tasks and event notifications, and real-time analytics. With full utilisation and efficiency, the software delivers real ROI, making it a strategic investment instead of a sunk cost. Summary AI is reshaping the way organisations approach contract lifecycle management by automating processes, enhancing compliance, reducing risks, and improving visibility into contractual obligations. From data extraction to risk analysis, AI-powered tools are empowering legal teams with actionable insights while driving operational efficiency. However, successful implementation requires overcoming challenges such as data security concerns and integration complexities. By choosing the right solutions, tailored to their needs — and partnering with experts like Cambridge Management Consulting — businesses can overcome the challenges and unlock the full potential of AI-based contract management. A Summary of Key Benefits Manage the entire lifecycle of supplier management on a single integrated platform Stop value leakage: as much as 20% of Annual Contract Value (ACV) Reduce on-going governance and application support and maintenance expenses by up to 60% Deliver a higher level of service to your end-user community. Speed without compromise: accomplish more in less time with automation capabilities Smarter contracts allow you to leverage analytics while you negotiate Manage and reduce risk at every step of the contract lifecycle Up to 90% reduction in creating first drafts Reduction in CLM costs and extraction costs How we Can Help Cambridge Management Consulting stands at the forefront of delivering innovative AI-powered solutions for contract lifecycle management. With specialised teams in both AI and Contract Management, we are well-placed to design and manage your transition with minimal disruption to operations. We have already worked with many public and private organisations, during due diligence, deal negotiation, TSAs, and exit phases; rescuing millions in contract management issues. Use the contact form below to send your queries to Darren Sheppard , Senior Partner for Contract Management. Go to our Contract Management Service Page
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